Publications related to morpheme discovery and its applications

Development of morphology induction algorithms

Grönroos, S.-A., Virpioja, S., Smit, P., and Kurimo, M. (2014). Morfessor FlatCat: An HMM-based method for unsupervised and semi-supervised learning of morphology. In proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics. Pages 1177-1185, Dublin, Ireland, August 2014, Association for Computational Linguistics.
Virpioja, S., Smit, P., Grönroos, S.-A., and Kurimo, M. (2013). Morfessor 2.0: Python Implementation and Extensions for Morfessor Baseline. Aalto University publication series SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY, 25/2013. Aalto University, Helsinki, 2013. ISBN 978-952-60-5501-5.
Virpioja, S., Kohonen, O., and Lagus, K. (2011). Evaluating the effect of word frequencies in a probabilistic generative model of morphology. In Proceedings of the 18th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics (NODALIDA 2011), volume 11 of NEALT Proceedings Series, pages 230-237. Northern European Association for Language Technology, Riga, Latvia.
Kohonen, O., Virpioja, S., and Lagus, K. (2010). Semi-supervised learning of concatenative morphology. In Proceedings of the 11th Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group on Computational Morphology and Phonology, pages 78-86, Uppsala, Sweden, July. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Virpioja, S., Kohonen, O., and Lagus, K. (2010). Unsupervised morpheme analysis with Allomorfessor. In Multilingual Information Access Evaluation I. Text Retrieval Experiments: 10th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2009, Corfu, Greece, September 30 - October 2, 2009, Revised Selected Papers, volume 6241 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 578-597. Springer.
Kohonen, O., Virpioja, S., and Klami, M. (2009). Allomorfessor: Towards unsupervised morpheme analysis. In Evaluating Systems for Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access: 9th Workshop of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, CLEF 2008, Aarhus, Denmark, September 17-19, 2008, Revised Selected Papers, volume 5706 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 975-982. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Creutz, M., and Lagus, K. (2007). Unsupervised Models for Morpheme Segmentation and Morphology Learning. ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing, Volume 4, Issue 1, Article 3, January 2007.
Creutz, M., Lagus, K., and Virpioja, S. (2006). Unsupervised Morphology Induction Using Morfessor. In Finite-State Methods and Natural Language Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Volume 4002, pages 300-301, Springer Berlin / Heidelberg.
Creutz, M., and Lagus, K. (2006). Morfessor in the Morpho Challenge. In Proceedings of the PASCAL Challenge Workshop on Unsupervised segmentation of words into morphemes, Venice, Italy, April 12.
Creutz, M., and Lagus, K. (2005). Inducing the Morphological Lexicon of a Natural Language from Unannotated Text. In Proceedings of the International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Adaptive Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (AKRR'05), Espoo, Finland, June 15-17.
Creutz, M. and Lagus, K. (2005). Unsupervised Morpheme Segmentation and Morphology Induction from Text Corpora Using Morfessor 1.0. Publications in Computer and Information Science, Report A81, Helsinki University of Technology, March.
Creutz, M. and Lagus, K. (2004). Induction of a Simple Morphology for Highly-Inflecting Languages. In Proceedings of the 7th Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group in Computational Phonology (SIGPHON), pages 43-51, Barcelona, 26 July.
Creutz, M. (2003). Unsupervised segmentation of words using prior distributions of morph length and frequency. In Proceedings of ACL-03, the 41st Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics, pages 280-287, Sapporo, Japan, 7-12 July.
Creutz, M. and Lagus, K. (2002). Unsupervised discovery of morphemes. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Morphological and Phonological Learning of ACL-02, pages 21-30, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 11 July.

Gold standards and evaluation

Virpioja, S., Turunen, V. T., Spiegler, S., Kohonen, O., and Kurimo, M. (2011). Empirical comparison of evaluation methods for unsupervised learning of morphology. Traitement Automatique des Langues, 52(2):45-90, 2011.
Kurimo, M., Virpioja, S., Turunen, V., and Lagus, K. (2010). Morpho challenge 2005-2010: Evaluations and results. In Proceedings of the 11th Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group on Computational Morphology and Phonology, pages 87-95, Uppsala, Sweden, July. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Creutz, M., Lagus, K., Lindén, K. and Virpioja, S. (2005). Morfessor and Hutmegs: Unsupervised Morpheme Segmentation for Highly-Inflecting and Compounding Languages. In Proceedings of the Second Baltic Conference on Human Language Technologies, pages 107-112, Tallinn, 4-5 April.
Creutz, M. and Lindén, K. (2004). Morpheme Segmentation Gold Standards for Finnish and English. Publications in Computer and Information Science, Report A77, Helsinki University of Technology, October.

Applications of discovered morphs in speech recognition

Creutz, M., Hirsimäki, T., Kurimo, M., Puurula, A., Pylkkönen, J., Siivola, V., Varjokallio, M., Arisoy, E., Saraçlar, M., and Stolcke, A. (2007). Morph-based speech recognition and modeling of out-of-vocabulary words across languages. ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing, Volume 5, Issue 1, Dec 2007.
Hirsimäki, T., Creutz, M., Siivola, V., Kurimo, M., Virpioja, S., and Pylkkönen, J. (2006). Unlimited Vocabulary Speech Recognition with Morph Language Models Applied to Finnish. Computer Speech and Language, Volume 20, Issue 4, October 2006, pp. 515-541.
Kurimo, M., Puurula, A., Arisoy, E., Siivola, V., Hirsimäki, T., Pylkkönen, J., Alumae, T. and Saraclar, M. (2006). Unlimited vocabulary speech recognition for agglutinative languages. In Human Language Technology, Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, HLT-NAACL 2006. New York, USA, June 5-7.
Hirsimäki, T., Creutz, M., Siivola, V., and Kurimo, M. (2005). Morphologically Motivated Language Models in Speech Recognition. In Proceedings of the International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Adaptive Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (AKRR'05), Espoo, Finland, June 15-17.
Siivola, V., Hirsimäki, T., Creutz, M., and Kurimo, M. (2003). Unlimited vocabulary speech recognition based on morphs discovered in an unsupervised manner. In Proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech), pages 2293-2296, Geneva, Switzerland, 1-4 September.

Applications of discovered morphs in machine translation

De Gispert, A., Virpioja, S., Kurimo, M., and Byrne, W. (2009). Minimum Bayes Risk Combination of Translation Hypotheses from Alternative Morphological Decompositions. In Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2009 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Companion Volume: Short Papers, pages 73-76, Boulder, CO, USA, June 2009.
Virpioja, S., Väyrynen, J. J., Creutz, M., and Sadeniemi, M. (2007). Morphology-Aware Statistical Machine Translation Based on Morphs Induced in an Unsupervised Manner. In Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XI, Copenhagen, Denmark, 10-14 September, 2007, pp. 491-498.